Contrast-enhanced to non-contrast-enhanced image translation to exploit a clinical data warehouse of T1-weighted brain MRI

Table 2 Absolute volume difference (mean ± standard deviation in cm\(^{3}\)) between T1nce and T1ce images and between T1nce and synthetic T1nce images (obtained with the generator-only Att-U-Net and cGAN Att-U-Net models) for gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). * indicates that the absolute volume difference between T1nce and synthetic T1nce images is statistically significantly different from that of the baseline (corrected p-value <0.01) according to a paired t-test corrected for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni correction

	Compared images	Model	Test_good [cm³]	Test_low [cm³]
Gray matter	T1nce / T1ce	-	26.68 ± 15.92	49.63 ± 49.38
	T1nce / Synthetic T1nce	Att-U-Net	10.36 ± 6.98 *	19.61 ± 29.54 *
	T1nce / Synthetic T1nce	cGAN Att-U-Net	9.24 ± 6.10 *	19.67 ± 28.32 *
White matter	T1nce / T1ce	-	10.81 ± 3.71	25.36 ± 27.73
	T1nce / Synthetic T1nce	Att-U-Net	7.79 ± 5.87	13.95 ± 24.74 *
	T1nce / Synthetic T1nce	cGAN Att-U-Net	6.40 ± 4.43 *	14.49 ± 21.06 *
CSF	T1nce / T1ce	-	61.62 ± 34.61	69.55 ± 37.77
	T1nce / Synthetic T1nce	Att-U-Net	13.37 ± 10.18 *	12.25 ± 7.72 *
	T1nce / Synthetic T1nce	cGAN Att-U-Net	18.27 ± 17.20 *	17.10 ± 18.45 *

ISSN: 1471-2342