Table 1 Clinical characteristics of AE patients

Age, years

{media IQR}

24.5

{13–36}

56.8

{41–66}

59.5

{40–67}

60.5

{51–77}

59.5

{55–64}

48

63

55

35

0.005*

Female/male

4/2

1/4

4/4

6/1

2/0

0/1

0/1

0/1

1/0

0.229

Seizures

6

5

8

2

0

1

1

1

0

0.001*

Encephalalgia and dizziness

6

3

3

5

2

1

0

1

1

0.201

Decreased level of Consciousness

2

2

3

1

1

1

0

0

0

0.906

Cognitive impairment

2

3

4

2

1

1

1

0

0

0.906

Psychiatric symptoms

2

0

1

3

0

0

0

0

1

0.550

Metamorphopsia

1

0

0

2

2

0

0

0

1

0.033*

Speech disorder

2

0

1

1

0

0

0

0

1

0.811

Auditory hallucination

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0.317

WBC ↑ (4.0–10.0 10⁹/L)

3

0

5

1

2

1

0

0

0

0.052

NUET% ↑ (50.0–70.0%)

4

2

7

4

2

1

0

1

1

0.523

LYMPH% ↓ (20.0–40.0%)

3

2

6

3

2

1

0

1

1

0.598

CPR ↑ (mg/L)

4

5

7

6

2

1

0

1

1

0.811

CSF-TPC ↑ (mg/L)

2

3

4

0

1

1

1

1

1

0.021*

Abnormal EEG-the sharp and slow waves in frontal or temporal

6

5

3

–

1

0

0

1

0

0.007*

Anti-ANA spectrum: nuclear particle type 1:100

2

2

4

4

1

—

—

—

1

0.849

Tumor markers

{CEA ↑or SCC ↑ or CA125 ↑or NSE ↑

or CYFRA21-1 ↑or CA724 ↑, CA199 ↑}

0

2

3

5

0

—

1

1

0

0.370

Abnormal brain MRI before treatment

3

2

4

1

1

1

—

—

1

0.409

mRS scores at the time of 18F-FDG PET/CT

{media IQR}

2

{1,4}

3.2

{1.4}

2.6

{1,4}

3.6

{3,4}

2.5

{2,3}

5

3

2

3

0.217

Treated with steroids before 18F-FDG PET or MRI

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0.344

Treated with AED before 18F-FDG PET or MR

6

5

8

0

0

1

1

1

1

0.001*

First-line treatment

6

5

8

7

2

1

1

1

1

1

Long immune treatment

0

0

1

0

1

0

0

1

1

0.047*

Follow-up time

{months}

14.3

{5–30}

16.7

{5–50}

15.2

{7–26}

18.9

{6–48}

15

{4–26}

42

13

16

—

0.001*

mRS at the last follow up

{media IQR}

1.7

{1–3}

5

{2–6}

2.4

{0–6}

4.1

{1–6}

1

{1}

3

1

1

0

0.001*