Table 1 Univariate analysis of CT features of GISTs in the training cohort, internal validation cohort and external test cohort
CT features | Training cohort (n = 161) | Internal validation cohort (n = 70) | External test cohort (n = 78) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low-grade malignancy (n = 114) | High-grade malignancy (n = 47) | P value | Low-grade malignancy (n = 49) | High-grade malignancy (n = 21) | P value | Low-grade malignancy(n = 62) | High-grade malignancy(n = 16) | P value | |
CTU(HU) | 33.90 ± 8.58 | 33.86 ± 6.38 | 0.976 | 34.87 ± 7.38 | 35.14 ± 6.08 | 0.882 | 36.60 ± 8.75 | 35.49 ± 5.27 | 0.577 |
CTA(HU) | 53.24 ± 12.51 | 55.39 ± 15.60 | 0.359 | 58.11 ± 15.27 | 62.88 ± 12.49 | 0.212 | 58.52 ± 14.84 | 56.78 ± 14.26 | 0.617 |
CTV(HU) | 67.38 ± 15.84 | 68.84 ± 15.11 | 0.592 | 72.2 ± 19.76 | 75.54 ± 16.24 | 0.499 | 75.03 ± 18.20 | 70.06 ± 18.58 | 0.296 |
DEAP(HU) | 19.33 ± 11.15 | 21.53 ± 13.55 | 0.289 | 23.24 ± 13.33 | 27.74 ± 10.58 | 0.175 | 21.92 ± 15.65 | 21.29 ± 13.46 | 0.856 |
DEPP(HU) | 34.47 ± 16.42 | 34.97 ± 13.55 | 0.582 | 37.34 ± 18.07 | 40.40 ± 16.33 | 0.507 | 38.43 ± 18.79 | 34.58 ± 18.23 | 0.440 |
EPa | 0.65 ± 0.67 | 0.65 ± 0.39 | 0.971 | 0.69 ± 0.41 | 0.81 ± 0.34 | 0.245 | 0.67 ± 0.57 | 0.61 ± 0.42 | 0.694 |
Epv | 1.14 ± 1.22 | 1.07 ± 0.44 | 0.685 | 1.11 ± 0.61 | 1.20 ± 0.57 | 0.560 | 1.14 ± 0.72 | 1.00 ± 0.58 | 0.455 |
LD(mm) | 24.78 ± 10.39 | 33.81 ± 12.94 | 0.000 | 22.39 ± 10.27 | 37.43 ± 11.01 | 0.000 | 26.32 ± 10.53 | 43.56 ± 7.11 | 0.000 |
SD(mm) | 20.43 ± 9.62 | 28.19 ± 10.65 | 0.000 | 18.98 ± 8.53 | 31.33 ± 9.46 | 0.000 | 22.06 ± 9.70 | 37.50 ± 6.84 | 0.000 |
LD/SD | 1.24 ± 0.26 | 1.20 ± 0.16 | 0.286 | 1.18 ± 0.16 | 1.20 ± 0.15 | 0.576 | 1.23 ± 0.21 | 1.17 ± 0.12 | 0.120 |
Contour | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||||
Round | 60(52.63%) | 14(29.79%) | 26(53.06%) | 6(28.57%) | 27(43.55%) | 2(12.50%) | |||
Oval | 38(33.33%) | 15(31.91%) | 19(38.78%) | 3(14.29%) | 24(38.71%) | 4(25%) | |||
Irregular | 16(14.04%) | 18(38.30%) | 4(8.16%) | 12(57.14%) | 11(14.74%) | 10(62.50%) | |||
Necrosis | 24(21.05%) | 20(42.55%) | 0.007 | 6(12.24%) | 9(42.86%) | 0.011 | 20(32.26%) | 14(87.50%) | 0.000 |
Calcification | 12(10.53%) | 4(8.51%) | 0.921 | 7(14.29%) | 1(4.77%) | 0.461 | 10(16.13%) | 3(18.75%) | 1.000 |
Surface ulceration | 10(8.77%) | 10(21.28%) | 0.037 | 1(2.04%) | 8(38.10%) | 0.000 | 5(8.06%) | 5(31.25%) | 0.043 |
Intratumoral angiogenesis | 8(7.02%) | 11(23.40%) | 0.006 | 3(6.12%) | 4(19.05%) | 0.224 | 16(25.81%) | 9(56.25%) | 0.032 |
LN | 0 | 1(2.13%) | 0.295 | 0 | 1(4.77%) | 0.300 | 0 | 1(6.25%) | 0.208 |