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Fig. 1 | BMC Medical Imaging

Fig. 1

From: The value of enhanced multiparameteric MRI diagnostic model for preoperatively predicting surgical methods of inferior vena cava in patients with renal tumors and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus

Fig. 1

Tumor thrombus morphology types and the corresponding typical cases. Type I (a) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) WHO/ISUP 2016 nuclear grade II (b), the tumor thrombus(black arrow) was small in volume and free in the inferior vena cava lumen; Type II (c) and ccRCC WHO/ISUP 2016 nuclear grade III (d), the tumor thrombus(white arrow) was plump, filling the inferior vena cava lumen, with smooth edges and a clear boundary from IVC wall, and the inferior vena cava wall is regular; Type III (e) and ccRCC WHO/ISUP 2016 nuclear grade I (f), the tumor thrombus(black arrow) did not fill the inferior vena cava lumen, but was closely related to a lateral wall; Type IV (g) and infiltrating upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) (h), the tumor thrombus(white arrow) was plump, filling the inferior vena cava lumen, with an irregular edge, and the IVC wall was irregular; Type V (i) and papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) (j), the tumor thrombus(black arrow) was plump, filling the inferior vena cava lumen, with an irregular edge, and tumor thrombus protruded outwardly with obvious breach of the IVC wall

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BMC Medical Imaging

ISSN: 1471-2342

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