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Table 2 Using Cox proportional hazard analyses for postsurgical RFS in development set

From: A predictive model for recurrence after upfront surgery in patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) by using preoperative clinical data and CT characteristics

Parameter

Univariable cox proportional hazard analysis

Multivariable cox proportional hazard analysis

Regression coefficient

Hazard ratio

P value

Regression coefficient

Hazard ratio

P value

Age

− 0.016

0.984(0.963,1.006)

0.157

   

Male sex

0.063

1.065(0.705,1.608)

0.766

   

Tumor size(cm)

0.349

1.417(1.222,1.644)

 < 0.001

− 0.248

1.277(1.098,1.495)

0.002

Dominant location

  

0.165

   

  Head

− 0.105

0.901(0.566,1.434)

0.659

   

  Body

− 0.721

0.486(0.227,1.042)

0.486

   

  Tail

1

1[reference]

–

   

Tumor density in AP

  

0.747

   

  Hyperdense

1

1[reference]

–

   

  Isodensel

0.301

1.351(0.407,4.491)

0.623

   

  Hypodense

0.200

1.020(0.373,2.787)

0.969

   

Tumor density in PVP

  

 < 0.001

− 0.940

0.598(0.424,0.844)

0.003

  Hyperdense

1

1[reference]

–

   

  Isodensel

0.407

1.503(0.714,3.163)

0.283

   

  Hypodense

1.141

3.129(1.526,6.416)

0.002

   

Tumor necrosis (Yes/No)

0.104

1.110(0.451,2.733)

0.821

   

Peripancreatic infiltration (Yes/No)

− 1.489

0.226(0.116,0.438)

 < 0.001

1.423

4.151(2.077,8.298)

 < 0.001

Contact to SMV or PV

− 0.228

0.431(0.451,1.405)

0.431

   

Suspicious metastatic lymph node

− 1.089

0.336(0.223,0.507)

 < 0.001

0.940

2.561(1.653,3.967)

 < 0.001

Cancer antigen 19–9

0.000

1(1,1)

0.009

0.000

1(1,1)

0.430

Bilirubin

0.003

1.003(1.001,1.005)

0.011

   

Neutrophils/Lymphocytes ratio

0.138

1.148(1.066,1.237)

 < 0.001

0.105

1.111(1.016,1.215)

0.020

Platelets/Lymphocytes ratio

0.000

1(1,1)

0.835

   

C-reactive protein(mg/L)

− 0.042

0.959(0.905,1.016)

0.159

   
  1. Data in parentheses are 95% confidence intervals
  2. AP Arterial phase, PV portal vein, PVP portal venous phase, SMV superior mesenteric vein