Table 2 Imaging manifestations on chest CT of the primary and validation cohort
Imaging manifestation | Primary cohort (n = 239) | Validation cohort (n = 59) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Involved lobes | |||
Right Upper Lobe | 144 (60.25%) | 39 (66.1%) | 0.498 |
Right Middle Lobe | 129 (53.97%) | 32 (54.24%) | 1.000 |
Right Lower Lobe | 179 (74.9%) | 39 (66.1%) | 0.230 |
Left Upper Lobe | 143 (59.83%) | 40 (67.8%) | 0.329 |
Left Lower Lobe | 176 (73.64%) | 44 (74.58%) | 1.000 |
Main distribution | |||
Anterior Part of Lungs | 44 (18.41%) | 18 (30.51%) | 0.061 |
Posterior Part of Lungs | 168 (70.29%) | 40 (67.8%) | 0.847 |
Location of lesions | |||
Peripheral | 158 (66.11%) | 33 (55.93%) | 0.191 |
Central | 16 (6.69%) | 2 (3.39%) | 0.516 |
Both | 65 (27.2%) | 24(40.68%) | 0.482 |
Extent of lesions: | |||
Unifocal | 58 (24.27%) | 16 (27.12%) | 0.775 |
Multi-focal | 141 (59%) | 26 (44.07%) | 0.055 |
Diffuse | 40 (16.74%) | 17 (28.82%) | 0.971 |
Extent score | 4 (2–5) | 5 (3–7) | 0.057 |
Density of lesions | |||
GGO | 77 (32.22%) | 11(18.64%) | |
Mixed (Mainly GGO) | 98 (41.00%) | 27 (45.76%) | 0.606 |
Mixed (Mainly Consolidation) | 57 (23.85%) | 20 (33.9%) | 0.158 |
Consolidation | 7 (2.93%) | 1(1.69%) | 0.940 |
Shape of lesions | |||
Nodular | 1 (0.42%) | 1 (1.69%) | 0.853 |
Linear | 5 (2.09%) | 3 (5.08%) | 0.410 |
Patchy | 161 (67.6%) | 41 (69.49%) | 0.875 |
Large patchy | 72 (30.13%) | 14 (23.73%) | |
Halo sign | 67 (28.03%) | 22 (37.29%) | 0.218 |
Reverse halo sign | 11 (4.60%) | 2 (3.39%) | 0.958 |
Reticulation | 61 (25.52%) | 11 (18.64%) | 0.349 |
Air bronchogram | 85 (35.56%) | 26 (44.07%) | 0.289 |
Bronchiectasis | 25 (10.46%) | 2 (3.39%) | 0.150 |
Vascular enlargement | 82 (34.31%) | 21 (35.59%) | 0.974 |
Pleural thickening | 101 (42.26%) | 27 (45.76%) | 0.734 |
Pleural traction | 60 (25.10%) | 15 (25.42%) | 1.000 |
Pleural effusion | 12 (5.02%) | 6 (10.17%) | 0.237 |
Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy | 23 (9.62%) | 7 (11.86%) | 0.787 |
Liver-spleen CT value ratio | 1.17 (1.05–1.27) | 1.19 (1.07–1.37) | 0.278 |