Table 3 Key radiographic findings of pericardial mass [3, 4, 6, 12,13,14,15,16,17]
From: Multiple pericardial hematomas: a case report and mini-review in multimodality imaging
Echocardiography | CT Scan | CMR | Nuclear imaging | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Pericardial cyst | Echo-lucent Located most often in the right cardio-phrenic angle No flow by color or doppler | Thin, smooth wall with no septation Attenuation between 30–40 HU No enhancement with contrast | Homogenous, unilocular, sharply marginated T1/T2 Signal: Low/High No enhancement with gadolinium | N/A |
Pericardial Hematoma | Gelatinous-like appearance, distinct margins, overtime: more echo-dense | Attenuation > 60 HU for acute hematoma, which slowly decreases over time Calcification in chronic hematoma No enhancement with contrast | T1/T2 signal intensity: Acute: High/High Subacute: Heterogeneously high/high Chronic: Low/Low No enhancement with gadolinium | N/A |
Pericardial neoplasm | Echo-dense Nonmobile Maybe nodular or diffuse; solitary or multiple May accompanied by effusion and thickening of the pericardium | Benign: pedunculated or sessile masses Malignant: irregular, thickened, nodular, or plaque lesions with a variable amount of effusion (mostly hemorrhagic) Variable attenuation depends on the mass type Enhancement with contrast | Heterogenous on T1 Heterogenous on T2 Mostly enhance on LGE Notes: Lipoma, Rhabdomyoma show no uptake, whereas lymphoma show no or minimal uptake | PET/CT: High FDG Uptake (mesothelioma, lymphoma) |