Table 2 The performance of DCNNs that including InceptionV3, InceptionResnetV2, DenseNet169, and ResNet50 in the internal and external datasets
Metrics | Dataset | Diffusely increased (%) | Diffusely decreased (%) | Focal increased (%) | Heterogeneous uptake (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
InceptionV3 | |||||
Accuracy | Internal | 94.51 | 99.68 | 98.38 | 92.89 |
External | 89.74 | 99.34 | 98.68 | 87.75 | |
Sensitivity (Recall) | Internal | 90.77 | 99.56 | 100.00 | 81.48 |
External | 90.00 | 95.92 | 76.92 | 83.33 | |
Specificity | Internal | 97.21 | 99.75 | 98.32 | 95.30 |
External | 89.56 | 100.00 | 99.65 | 90.66 | |
PPV(Precision) | Internal | 95.93 | 99.56 | 71.43 | 78.57 |
External | 85.04 | 100.00 | 90.91 | 85.47 | |
NPV | Internal | 93.57 | 99.75 | 100.00 | 96.06 |
External | 93.14 | 99.22 | 98.97 | 89.19 | |
F1 score | Internal | 93.28 | 99.56 | 83.33 | 80.00 |
External | 87.45 | 97.92 | 83.33 | 84.39 | |
InceptionResnetV2 | |||||
Accuracy | Internal | 94.02 | 99.35 | 98.06 | 92.41 |
External | 90.40 | 97.02 | 99.01 | 87.09 | |
Sensitivity (Recall) | Internal | 91.15 | 99.12 | 88.00 | 79.63 |
External | 90.83 | 81.63 | 84.62 | 85.00 | |
Specificity | Internal | 96.10 | 99.49 | 98.48 | 95.11 |
External | 90.11 | 100.00 | 99.65 | 88.46 | |
PPV(Precision) | Internal | 94.42 | 99.12 | 70.97 | 77.48 |
External | 85.83 | 100.00 | 91.67 | 82.93 | |
NPV | Internal | 93.75 | 99.49 | 99.49 | 95.67 |
External | 93.71 | 96.56 | 99.31 | 89.94 | |
F1 score | Internal | 92.76 | 99.12 | 78.57 | 78.54 |
External | 88.26 | 89.89 | 88.00 | 83.95 | |
DenseNet169 | |||||
Accuracy | Internal | 94.83 | 99.03 | 95.32 | 91.44 |
External | 91.06 | 98.68 | 99.01 | 91.39 | |
Sensitivity (Recall) | Internal | 92.69 | 97.79 | 100.00 | 66.67 |
External | 95.00 | 91.84 | 100.00 | 83.33 | |
Specificity | Internal | 96.38 | 99.75 | 95.12 | 96.67 |
External | 88.46 | 100.00 | 98.96 | 96.70 | |
PPV(Precision) | Internal | 94.88 | 99.55 | 46.30 | 80.90 |
External | 84.44 | 100.00 | 81.25 | 94.34 | |
NPV | Internal | 94.79 | 98.74 | 100.00 | 93.21 |
External | 96.41 | 98.44 | 100.00 | 89.80 | |
F1 score | Internal | 93.77 | 98.66 | 63.29 | 73.10 |
External | 89.41 | 95.74 | 89.66 | 88.50 | |
ResNet50 | |||||
Accuracy | Internal | 93.70 | 99.52 | 98.55 | 92.08 |
External | 91.39 | 99.01 | 98.68 | 89.74 | |
Sensitivity (Recall) | Internal | 93.46 | 99.56 | 96.00 | 71.30 |
External | 95.00 | 93.88 | 76.92 | 83.33 | |
Specificity | Internal | 93.87 | 99.49 | 98.65 | 96.48 |
External | 89.01 | 100.00 | 99.65 | 93.96 | |
PPV(Precision) | Internal | 91.70 | 99.12 | 75.00 | 81.05 |
External | 85.07 | 100.00 | 90.91 | 90.09 | |
NPV | Internal | 95.20 | 99.74 | 99.83 | 94.08 |
External | 96.43 | 98.83 | 98.97 | 89.53 | |
F1 score | Internal | 92.57 | 99.34 | 84.21 | 75.86 |
External | 89.76 | 96.84 | 83.33 | 86.58 | |