Fig. 1

Feature selection using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression in AP radiomics model. a Tuning parameter (λ) selection in the LASSO model used 5-fold cross-validation. Dotted vertical lines were drawn at the optimal values by using the minimum criteria and the 1 standard error of the minimum criteria (the 1-SE criteria). A λ value of 0.045, with log (λ), − 2.725 was chosen (1-SE criteria). b Vertical line was drawn at the value selected, where optimal λ resulted in 12 nonzero coefficients