From: Methadone-induced encephalopathy: a case series and literature review
Author(s) year | Age/ Sex | Toxic agent | Time to relapse after initial intoxication | Clinical presentation in relapse phase | First imaging findings | Delayed phase MRI findings | DWI and ADC sequences findings | Prognosis |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ljungar B. et al. 2014 [17] | 34 yr, M | Methadone | 33 days | Physical, psychological and cognitive deterioration | Cerebral white matter T2 hyperintensity | Cystic changes in bilateral cerebral white matter | Hyperintensity in DWI without ADC confirmation | Recovery |
Mittal M. et al. 2010 [6] | 38 yr, M | Methadone, benzodiazepine | 3 weeks | Physical, psychological and behavioral manifestations | No imaging | Cerebral white matter T2 hyperintensity | No restriction | Partial recovery |
Arciniegas 2004 [16] | 24 yr, M | Methadone, diazepam | Not mentioned | Apathy, disorientation | No imaging | Cerebral white matter and corpus callosum T2 hyperintensity | Not mentioned | Partial recovery |
Torralba A- Moron 2016 [8] | 42 yr, M | Methadone, alcohol, benzodiazepine | 13 days | Myoclonus, fluctuated consciousness, | Normal CT scan | Cerebral white matter and globous pallidus T2 hyperintensity | Not mentioned | Lack of attention and dysexecutive and amnestic abnormalities persisted |
43 yr, M | Methadone | Not mentioned | low level of consciousness and a bradypnoea | Not mentioned | Cerebral white matter and globous pallidus T2 hyperintensity | Not mentioned | death | |
Zanin A. 2010 [19] | 30mo, F | Methadone | 19 days | Agitation, slurred speech, abnormal movement | Normal | Tempromesial, Substantia Nigra and basal ganglia | No restriction | Recovery after 2 month |
Andrew Meyer M. 2013 [20] | 43 yr, F | Methadone, diazepam | 3 weeks | Forgetful& confused, social withdrawal, lack of hygiene | No imaging | Cerebral white matter T2 hyperintensity | Hyperintensity in DWI without ADC confirmation | Recovery |
Carroll I. 2012 [9] | 43 yr, F | Alprazolam, methadone | 33 days | Apathy, inappropriate behavior | No imaging | Cerebral white matter and corpus callosum T2 hyperintensity | Corpus Collosum hyperintensity in DWI without ADC confirmation | Full recovery after 6 month |
Shprecher D. 2008 [18] | 39 yr, F | Methadone, cocaine | 4 weeks | disorientation | No imaging | Cerebral white matter T2 hyperintensity | Hyperintensity in DWI without ADC confirmation | Partial recovery |
58 yr, F | methadone | 21 days | Paranoid and inappropriate behavioral | No imaging | Cerebral white matter T2 hyperintensity | Not mentioned | Partial recovery | |
56 yr, F | Methadone, fentanyl, benzodiazepine | 15 days | Cognitive deterioration | Not mentioned | Cerebral white matter T2 hyperintensity | Hyperintensity in DWI without ADC confirmation | Partial recovery |