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Table 3 Artifact size of the screws implanted in chicken tibia in different screw positions (parallel (0°) and perpendicular (90°) to the longitudinal scanner axis) and different modalities

From: Biodegradable magnesium Herbert screw – image quality and artifacts with radiography, CT and MRI

Imaging modality

Mg: mean artifact size [mm]

Ti: mean artifact size [mm]

Mean difference in artifact size [mm]

T-value

P-value

DX

0a

3.9 ± 0.3

3.9 ± 0.2

21.0

<0.001

 MDCT

  0°

0a

14.1 ± 1.2

14.1 ± 1.2

45.5

<0.001

  90°

0a

19.7 ± 1.4

19.7 ± 1.4

54.5

<0.001

 FPCT

  0°

5.7 ± 0.3

14.1 ± 0.7

8.5 ± 0.2

45.1

<0.001

  90°

6.9 ± 0.4

27.0 ± 2.4

20.1 ± 0.6

32.0

<0.001

 1.5 T

  PDw TSE (FS)

 0°

4.6 ± 0.5

6.2 ± 0.2

1.6 ± 0.1

12.0

<0.001

  90°

7.8 ± 0.3

12.1 ± 0.1

4.3 ± 0.1

53.7

<0.001

1.5 T

 T1w TSE

  0°

3.5 ± 0.4

5.3 ± 0.2

1.8 ± 0.1

15.6

<0.001

  90°

4.7 ± 0.2

9.0 ± 0.2

4.3 ± 0.1

58.9

<0.001

3 T

 PDw TSE (FS)

  0°

4.7 ± 0.4

8.6 ± 0.2

3.9 ± 0.1

33.8

<0.001

  90°

8.4 ± 0.2

15.4 ± 0.3

7.0 ± 0.1

75.2

<0.001

3 T

 T1w TSE

  0°

4.5 ± 0.3

8.2 ± 0.2

3.7 ± 0.1

39.7

<0.001

  90°

6.7 ± 0.2

10.3 ± 0.4

3.6 ± 0.1

31.2

<0.001

3 T

 PDw TSE WARP (FS)

  0°

4.7 ± 0.3

8.5 ± 0.2

3.8 ± 0.1

40.8

<0.001

  90°

8.3 ± 0.2

13.4 ± 0.5

5.1 ± 0.1

36.7

<0.001

  1. aIn DX and MDCT the artifacts around the magnesium screw in chicken tibia were of such a small magnitude that they were innumerable and had to be considered zero